Conveners
Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo Volcanic Field: The geophysical perspective
- Steffen Kutterolf (GEOMAR)
Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo Volcanic Field: The volcanological perspective
- Julie Belo (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel)
Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo Volcanic Field: The volcanological perspective
- Steffen Kutterolf (GEOMAR)
Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo Volcanic Field
- Julie Belo (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel)
Will be added
Shallow marine volcanism can produce violent phreatomagmatic eruptions that pose a significant hazard to surrounding coastal communities. Kolumbo volcano, located 7 km northeast of Santorini, is one of the most hazardous volcanic centers in the Aegean Sea. Kolumbo last erupted explosively in 1650, causing over 70 casualties and forming the 2500 m wide and 500 m deep present-day crater. While...
Explosive volcanism at oceanic volcanoes influences marine ecosystems, sculpts seafloor morphology, and poses significant hazards to maritime infrastructure and coastal communities. Despite its importance, the global distribution, erupted volumes, and controlling mechanisms of submarine explosive volcanism remain poorly constrained. Direct observations and sampling are spatially limited and...
Shallow submarine eruptions, such as those from the Kolumbo Volcanic Chain (KVC) on the Hellenic arc, can be highly hazardous. Kolumbo Cone (7 km NE of Santorini) is the largest submarine edifice in the KVC and had an explosive eruption in 1650 CE during which 70 people from Santorini died. Older edifices are identified in seismic profiles of Kolumbo Cone; however, theys are poorly...
Crystals and glass discharged as tephra during explosive volcanic eruptions provide a valuable window into magmatic processes. Kolumbo, a shallow submarine volcano on the Hellenic Arc of the southern Aegean Sea, recently erupted in 1650 CE and was both violently explosive and tsunamigenic, resulting in significant loss of life on neighboring Santorini. Developing a conceptual model of the...
Volcanism along the South Aegean volcanic arc has continued for 4.7 Ma, and has left an extensive marine sediment record of past eruptions. All volcanic centres of the present-day arc have active hydrothermal systems, with manifestations ranging from low-temperature sea-floor seeps to high-temperature vents, discharging mineral-rich fluids into the marine environment. However, the history and...
Peccia, A.1, Molz, E.1, Pitcher, B.2, Plank, T.1, Druitt, T.3, Kutterolf, S.4, Ronge, T.5, and the Exp. 398 Scientists
1Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10941
2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716
4Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
5GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre...
Santorini (Greece) is a polycyclic caldera that has experienced at least 4 caldera collapses in the last 360,000 years. Following the most recent caldera-forming eruption, the ~1627-1600 BCE Late Bronze Age (Minoan) eruption [1], volcanic activity formed the Kameni volcanic edifice within the flooded Minoan caldera. The oldest historically recorded post-Minoan volcanic eruption in 197 BC [2]...
Expedition 398 of the International Ocean Discovery Program provided a unique opportunity to sample the most complete volcanic sequence of the Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo (CSK) volcanic field in the Hellenic Arc from its inception in the Neogene to present day. One goal of expedition scientists is to create a time-integrated history of eruption processes, eruption triggers, and crustal...
Volcanic eruptions in extensional environments present significant hazards, yet the interaction between crustal faults and magma migration remains poorly understood. Here, we explore the coupling of crustal faulting and volcanism at the Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo volcanic field in the southern Aegean. By combining seismic reflection data with samples from IODP Expedition 398, we identify a...
Located at the heart of the South Aegean Volcanic Arc, Santorini is a popular destination attracting over two million tourists annually. Its present-day morphology is largely defined by a caldera collapse associated with the Minoan eruption around 1600 BC. Since that event, the island has undergone a rejuvenation phase, marked by the formation of the Palea and Nea Kameni islands, both of which...
The Santorini polycyclic caldera (Greece) is currently in the early stages of a new caldera cycle following the 3.6 ka Late Bronze Age (Minoan) eruption. In this cycle, onland Kameni deposits suggest that low-magnitude eruptions, producing lava and minor pyroclastic deposits, have built up the Kameni volcanic edifice inside the flooded Minoan caldera. However, an up to 34-m-thick eruption...
Although caldera-forming eruptions are among the most catastrophic natural hazards, an accurate quantification of the volume of ejected material and their magnitude remains a challenge. Santorini in the Aegean Sea is one of the world’s most prominent calderas and the result of at least five caldera-forming eruptions. The 1600 BCE Minoan eruption represents the most recent caldera-forming...
Large polygenetic volcanoes can produce catastrophic explosive eruptions with significant societal and environmental impacts. The drivers of such eruptions include interactions and feedbacks between internal magmatic processes and external far-field tectonic stresses. Such processes operate on overlapping timescales, obscuring their relative contributions. IODP Expedition 398 deep-drilled the...
additional co-authors:
Hao-Yang Lee 30, Thomas Ronge 3, Sarah Beethe 4, Alexis Bernard 5, Carole Berthod 6, Hehe Chen 7, Shun Chiyonobu 8, Acacia Clark 9, Susan DeBari 10, Ralf Gertisser 11, Christian Hübscher 12, Raymond Johnston 13, Christopher Jones 14, Kumar Batuk Joshi 15, Günther Kletetschka 16, Olga Koukousioura 17, Xiaohui Li 18, Michael Manga 19, Molly McCanta 20, Iona McIntosh 21,...
