Vorsitzende der Sitzung
Session 1 - Recent Events & Campaigns
- Julie Belo (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel)
Session 1 - Recent Events & Campaigns
- Julie Belo (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel)
Session 1 - Recent Events & Campaigns
- Julie Belo (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel)
Beschreibung
Reports on projects, cruises, results, initiatives and field expeditions on Oceanic Volcanism.
We use marine gravity data derived from satellite altimetry combined with multibeam bathymetry to model the architecture and dynamics of the magmatic system under Hunga volcano before and after the January 2022 eruption. More generally I will show how altimetry-derived gravity data can help characterize magmatic systems (volume, geometry, depth) under active submarine volcanoes.
A catastrophic volcanic eruption occurred in 1458 CE, causing global climate perturbations. This eruption occurred immediately before one of the peak periods of the Little Ice Age and represents one of the three biggest sulphur emitting volcanic eruptions of the last 1000 years. Its source remains highly debated to this day, but the submarine caldera volcano of Kuwae, Vanuatu, has been...
Nishinoshima volcano in the Izu-Ogasawara arc, western Pacific, has had historical eruptions in 1973-1974 and from 2013 on and off to the present day. These eruptions were characterized by effusive Strombolian eruptions of andesite magmas until mid-June 2020, when they suddenly transitioned to violent explosive Strombolian eruptions that produced tephra fallout over a wide area. To obtain a...
The Red Sea is a comparably young ocean basin filled with Miocene salt and Plio-Pleistocene and Holocene sediments. Spreading rates increase from North to South from <10mm/yr to 16mm/yr. Accordingly, the Red Sea Rift is an ultra-slow spreading rift with a spreading center that is not entirely exposed along the entire basin but buried in large proportions by glacier-like salt flows and...
The objectives of IODP Expedition 398 ‘Hellenic Arc Volcanic Field’ (11 December 2022 to 10 February 2023) were to study the volcanic record of the central Hellenic Volcanic Arc, to document the links and feedbacks between volcanism/magmatism, crustal tectonics and sea level, to investigate the processes and products of shallow submarine eruptions of silicic magma, and to groundtruth the...
The metallogenic diversity of the Earth`s crust is closely related to complex tectonic processes and extensive magmatism at the plate margins. Some of the most metal-endowed continental crust on Earth is forming today in complex subduction zone settings of the Western Pacific. In easternmost Papua New Guinea, recent volcanism, crustal growth and ore formation is driven by arc-continent...
The volcanic evolution of large, island-building intraplate volcanoes is largely constrained based on the observation and sampling of the surface of islands and seamounts at different stages of their geological history, with only limited drilling of their summit. In comparison, little is known about the stratigraphy of the lower flanks of seamounts that can provide a distinct insight into the...
The large-scale eruption of Hunga volcano in Tonga on January 15th deposited several
centimeters of ash and lapilli on proximal islands. However, up to 6 km3 of erupted mass
entered the ocean as from ash fall and pyroclastic density currents (PDCs). Voyage TN401 to
the Lau Basin back-arc spreading center 80-100 km away from the HT-HH caldera discovered
voluminous ash deposits. A dominantly...
Unlike subaerial volcanic activity, deep submarine eruptions are difficult to detect, observe in real-time, and monitor. The major seismic crisis that started in May 2018 near Mayotte Island (Comoros archipelago) generated thousands of exceptionally deep earthquakes (25-50km) and was associated with important surface displacements. In May 2019, an oceanographic expedition conducted offshore...
